Not all that much advantages or disadvantages. Your air picks up a bit more speed as it goes down into the intake and the spacer isolates heat between engine and carb. Nothing noticeable really.
I have had good luck with one on a '64 with a nothing special 350. It is turning 13.49 with 3.73 gears and a higher than normal convertor. Your choice, I have one I will put on mine to increase plenum volume. I am for them when a better manifold cannot be easily had.
I will be running an edelbrock 2101 performer manifold and 1406 600cfm carb. This will be a daily driver. I doubt it helps with mileage but does it affect low end throttle response in some way?
It all depends on what kind of spacer you are using. If you use a spacer with 4 throttle holes in it, this will tend to help your bottom and mid range power, with little or no help on top end, where a spacer with an open plenum, or big hole will tend to help your mid and top end, with little or no help to the bottom end.
The reason the 4 hole will help bottom end is that it keeps the velocity up at lower rpm, while the one hole jobs act to increase the size of your plenum chamber ( or chambers if you have a dual plenum intake), and large plenums are very useful for high end power increases.
The one with the one big hole, would probably have more effect on your engine, particularly on top end than the 4 hole variety would on your lower and mid range. The thing to be careful of is that while it may help your top end, the one holer may harm your lower end power. Its all a matter of compromises and what your desired end result may be.
I found that with the Edelbrock, a 1" wood fiber laminate spacer really helped keep the carb a little cooler by reducing the amount of heat transfer going on.
If a spacer helps, then your carb or manifold is too small for your package, if it hurts too big. use a spacer as a tuning device. generaly if a four hole helps more than an open one the carb is too small and vice versa. Remember, comp, stroke, rod length etc play a major role in controlling air speed. Just use spacers to dial in your car, then make appropriate changes.... unless your class won't allow them.
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